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Radiation
Management Plans

Radiation Management Plan

Radiation Management Plans

Radiation management plans provide the safety map for any organisation which utilises radiation within their practices. Many industries use radiation for precision detection, measurement and quality control in applications such as:

  • Cs137 fixed radiation gauges, for measuring a physical characteristic of a manufacturing process.
  • X-ray fluorescence (XRF), for determining the chemical makeup of a sample.
  • Non-destructive testing (NDT), for inspecting welds and other safety critical infrastructure.
  • Am241 or X-Ray fill height detectors, to ensure cans or bottles are full on bottling lines.

Additionally, a radiation management plan must be in place for any organisation involved in the safe transport and storage of radiation. This would be applicable for dangerous goods transport providers. And for any organisation whose employees work with or around radiation in the field.

A radiation management plan details the important information relevant to the practices performed and the guidelines which must be followed to ensure the protection of people and the environment.

The items which a radiation management plan must cover are detailed in the Codes of Practice published by ARPANSA and each radiation practice has it’s own detailed code. Additionally, general codes for transport, protection of people and the environment must be followed. Each state of Australia also has their own radiation acts outlining the regulatory process involved in performing a radiation practice. Broadly, a radiation management plan should cover:

  • General details and contact information relevant to the radiation management license.
  • Site details for the location of the radiation source.
  • Staff training requirements and list of current training and qualification levels.
  • Calculations and reasoning for employee radiation exposure.
  • Methods of tracking employee radiation exposure.
  • Radiation safety equipment and information about radiation detection and monitoring.
  • Procedures for the acquisition or disposal of a radiation source, in accordance with relevant regulations.
  • Procedures for the safe storage of radiation sources.
  • Incident reporting.
  • Emergency procedures and contacts.

The radiation management plan must also show justifications for why the radiation practice is being performed and outline how to ensure all radiation exposure is As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) while allowing for social and economic considerations.

A key topic included in a radiation management plan is the delegation of roles to individuals in the organisation. A responsible person must be identified and is charged with the ongoing radiation safety on the site. This person is typically the CEO or Director of the company, but the duties are usually delegated to the Radiation Safety Officer (RSO). It is crucial that roles and responsibilities are delegated appropriately and documented in the radiation management plan to ensure radiation safety is responsibly managed.

It is required that this document be regularly reviewed and maintained in accordance with any changes within the organisation, the site, or regulatory guidelines.

With the upcoming implementation of the Code for Radiation Protection in Planned Exposure Situations (2020), RPS C-1 (Rev.1) by ARPANSA, state regulators will require radiation management plans when license holders submit variations to their license or when applying for a new license. It is imperative organisations implement a detailed and complete radiation management plan to ensure they can continue to maintain their license and subsequent business operations.

 

Designing Your Radiation Management Plan

At Nuclear Australia, our skilled specialists will work in consultation with your organisation to design your radiation management plan. We possess an in-depth knowledge of radiation safety and regulatory guidelines and strive to ensure that our radiation management plans provide a minimalization of risk and optimise protection around radiation apparatuses. Our service can include a visit to the site to assess any radiation hazards and detail the radiation safety practices for the apparatus and source at each location.

From our experience in developing and delivering radiation safety training to site employees, we understand the importance of providing clear information regarding risk and protection measures, in a way which is comprehensible to those who otherwise may not be familiar with radiation.

It is important that the radiation management plan layout be one which allows for information to be located quickly and ensures that priority information such as safety procedures and emergency contacts are designated clearly and are easily accessible. And that all regulatory requirements are satisfied, within the scope of the nuances within your organisation, site infrastructure and source specifications. With all of this in mind, it is essential to have an expert consultant create your radiation management plan for you.

The regulatory framework within which your radiation practice must operate can be hard to navigate if you aren’t familiar with the processes. This is why every Nuclear Australia authored radiation management plan also includes detailed instructions for how to make changes such as replacing a source, ceasing a practice or disposing of an apparatus on your radiation license, specific to your jurisdiction.

Having a vast experience working within the radiation industry and providing compliance services, Nuclear Australia is a leader in the design and provision of radiation management plans.

Need a new Radiation Management Plan or a review of your current plan?

Get in touch with us at Nuclear Australia for more assistance: +61 3 8770 6565

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Type A Package
Design and Verification

Type A Package Design and Verification for Radiation Sources

Radioactive products play an important role in our modern age. Their use is applicable across a range of industries including manufacturing, mining and medicine. Specifically, this material is essential in the advanced diagnosis and treatment of some cancers. While these products are used worldwide, the packages within which they are transported must meet specific requirements.

The packages which have been specifically designed for international transport are thoroughly tested and verified to ensure that they meet strict criteria and adhere to regulations.

The two main packages used for transporting non-exempt amounts of radioactive products are Type A and Type B.

The type of package required is dictated by:

  • Type of radiation
  • Activity level of the source intended to be carried
  • Validity of the Special Form certificate for the source capsule, if the activity of the source exceeds the A2 value for the particular isotope

Depending on these factors the appropriate package type can be selected.

Type A packages are the simplest and most cost-effective package for the transport of radioactive products. Type A packages are internationally defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and must meet the regulations specified within the current design regulations. The current standard is the Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material 2018 (SSR-6).

This document outlines all of the safety standards which a Type A package must meet. This includes extensive physical tests that the package is subjected to in order to verify the integrity of its structure during transport. By subjecting the package to a range of potential incidents and measuring any changes, we can verify the safety of the contained material according to stringent requirements.

Design Reviews

At Nuclear Australia, we design and verify Type A packages for our customers, particularly for the pharmaceutical industry where liquid isotopes for patient therapies are used. Type A packages must be shown to meet all the requirements in the SSR-6 through a comprehensive design review and a number of physical tests.

To ensure a design meets these requirements Nuclear Australia engineers first analyze the design to ensure all requirements are met through computer simulations and the modeling of its mechanical and attenuation properties. This includes documenting the design against every requirement of the SSR. For example, SSR-6 Requirement 613A states the package should take into account ageing mechanisms. Therefore, a design that quickly wears should not be used or alternatively, the package should be designated for single use only.

Physical Testing

Once the design review has been completed it must be subjected to a number of physical tests. A standard Type A package must be subjected to:

1) Water Spray Test

To simulate light rainfall for one hour prior to each of the destructive tests. This is to ensure that the package can withstand water and is not physically compromised by rain. This is particularly relevant for cardboard and wooden packages.

2) Stacking Test

The package is stacked with five times its mass applied to its top surface to ensure it will not compress and reduce its external dimensions.

3) Drop Test

The package is dropped from a height of 1.2m onto a steel hardstand to test its ability to contain the isotope inside if it was dropped in transit.

4) Puncture Test

A steel bar of 6kg in weight is dropped onto the package from a height of 1m. This is to ensure that should the package be hit by a falling object, it would not be punctured and affect the secure containment of the isotope inside.

Type A packages which carry liquid must also be subjected to the following tests:

5) Puncture Test (1.7m)

To ensure that the liquid contained in a Type A package will not escape in the worst case scenario. The same steel bar as above must also be dropped from 1.7m.

6) Free Fall Drop Test

The most extreme and spectacular test of a Type A package is the free fall drop test where the package is dropped from 9m and enters into free fall. This is to simulate falling off a rack while in transit. Although the package can be significantly damaged, it must not release the liquid from containment.

Compliance

Once all these tests are complete, Nuclear Australia will create a certificate of compliance and issue it to the customer to signify that the package meets the requirements set out in SSR-6 and is fit for transport.

Labeling

Packages which transport radioactive products are classified as dangerous goods and must carry the Dangerous Goods 7 stickers with the nuclear trefoil attached. The package is classified as 1, 2 or 3 and this is calculated based upon the Transport Index (TI) of the package. The Transport index is the reading on a survey meter located 1m from the package in micro sieverts (uSv) divided by 10. This transport index is also written on the package so that those handling the package can care for it appropriately.

Need package design or verification for radioactive source transportation?

Get in touch with us at Nuclear Australia for more assistance: +61 3 8770 6565

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